Особенности когнитивного развития детей в домах ребенка с различным социальным окружением
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu16.2017.405Аннотация
В современных социально-экономических условиях в Российской Федерации (РФ) основными учреждениями для проживания детей-сирот в раннем возрасте являются дома ребенка (ДР). В то же время исследования показали, что дети, воспитывающиеся в учреждениях, демонстрируют отставание в области когнитивного функционирования. Один из путей решения проблемы — программы вмешательства, направленные на улучшение условий детских сиротских учреждений. В РФ ключевым исследованием по изменению условий ДР стало лонгитюдное исследование международной группы ученых в Санкт-Петербурге (The St. Petersburg — USA Orphanage Research Team, 2008), где в одном из ДР было создано семейное социальное окружение. С целью изучения влияния семейного социального окружения в ДР на уровень когнитивного развития детей мы провели сравнительное исследование в двух ДР Санкт-Петербурга: традиционном ДР и ДР с семейным социальным окружением. Для оценки уровня когнитивного развития детей были использованы три невербальные шкалы методики MSEL (The Mullen Scales of Early Learning, 1995) и две коммуникативные шкалы методики VABS (The Vineland Behavior Adaptive Scales, 2005). Выборка состояла из 25 детей в возрасте от 5 до 28 месяцев: 13 детей из ДР (А) и 12 детей из ДР (Б). Дети, проживающие в ДР с семейным социальным окружением, показали значимо более высокие результаты при оценке уровня общего когнитивного развития (F=5,09, p=0,03), а также экспрессивной коммуникации (F=12,91, p=0,00) и зрительного восприятия (F=6,54, p=0,01). Полученные результаты демонстрируют необходимость создания семейного окружения в сиротских учреждениях для психического развития и здоровья детей.
Ключевые слова:
когнитивное развитие, ранний возраст, дома ребенка, социальное окружение, депривация
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Литература
Muhamedrahimov R.J., Nikiforova N.V., Palmov O.I., Groark C.J., McCall R.B. Characteristics of children, caregivers, and orphanages for young children in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation // Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. 2005. N 5. P. 477–506.
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McCall R., Groak C., Fish L., Harkins D., Serrano G., Gordon K. A socioemotional intervention in a Latin American orphanage // Infant Mental Health Journal. 2010. Vol. 31. N 5. P. 521–542.
Berument S.K., Sonmez D., Eyupoglu H. Supporting language and cognitive development of infants and young children living in children’s homes in Turkey // Child. 2012. N 38. P. 743–752.
Muhamedrahimov R.J., Palmov O.I., Nikiforova N.V., Groark C.J., McCall R.B. Institution-based early intervention program // Infant Mental Health Journal. 2004. N 25. P. 488–501.
The St. Petersburg — USA Orphanage Research Team. The effects of early social-emotional and relationship experience on the development of young orphanage children // Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development. 2008. N 73, vii–viii. P. 1–262, 294–295.
Groark C.J., Muhamedrahimov R.J., Palmov O.I., Nikiforova N.V., McCall R.B. Improvements in early care in Russian orphanages and their relationship to observed behaviors // Infant Mental Health Journal. 2005. N 26. P. 96–109.
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Rakhlin N., Hein S., Doyle N., Hart L., Koposov R., Macomber D., Ruchkin V., Strelina A., Tan M., Grigorenko E.L. Sources of Heterogeneity in Developmental Outcomes of Children With Past and Current Experiences of Institutionalization in Russia: A Four-Group Comparison // American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 2017. Vol. 87, N 3. Р. 242–255.
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O’Connor T.G., Marvin R. S., Rutter M., Olrick J.T., Britner P.A. & the English and Romanian Adoption Study Team. Child-parent attachment following early institutional deprivation. Development and Psychopathology, 2003, no. 15, pp. 19–38.
van den Dries L., Juffer F., van IJzendoorn M.H., Bakermans-Kranenburg M.J. Infants’ physical and cognitive development after international adoption from foster care or institutions in China. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 2010, no. 3, pp. 144–150.
van Ijzendoorn M.H., Juffer F., Poelhuis C.W.K. Adoption and cognitive development: a metaanalytic comparison of adopted and nonadopted children’s IQ and school performance. Psychological Bulletin, 2005, no. 131, pp. 301–316.
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Wilson S.L., Weaver T.L., Cradock M.M., Kuebli J.E. A preliminary study of the cognitive and motor skills acquisition of young international adoptees. Children and Youth Services Review, 2008, no. 30, pp. 585–596.
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Johnson D.E., Guthrie D., Smyke A.T. Growth and associations between auxology, caregiving environment, and cognition in socially deprived romanian children randomized to foster vs ongoing institutional care. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 2010, no. 164, pp. 507–516.
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Bakermans-Kranenburg M.J., van IJzendoorn M.H., Juffer F. Earlier is better: A meta-analysis of 70 years of intervention improving cognitive development in institutionalized children. Monographs of the Society for Research of Child Development, 2008, no. 73, pp. 279–293.
McCall R., Groak C., Fish L., Harkins D., Serrano G., Gordon K. A socioemotional intervention in a Latin American orphanage. Infant Mental Health Journal, 2010, no. 31(5), pp. 521–542.
Berument S.K., Sonmez D., Eyupoglu H. Supporting language and cognitive development of infants and young children living in children’s homes in Turkey. Child, 2012, no. 38, рр. 743–752.
Muhamedrahimov R.J., Palmov O.I., Nikiforova N.V., Groark C.J., McCall R.B. Institution-based early intervention program. Infant Mental Health Journal, 2004, no. 25, рр. 488–501.
The St. Petersburg — USA Orphanage Research Team. The effects of early social-emotional and relationship experience on the development of young orphanage children. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 2008, no. 73, vii–viii, рр. 1–262, 294–295.
Groark C.J., Muhamedrahimov R.J., Palmov O.I., Nikiforova N.V., McCall R.B. Improvements in early care in Russian orphanages and their relationship to observed behaviors. Infant Mental Health Journal, 2005, no. 26, рр. 96–109.
The St. Petersburg — USA Orphanage Research Team. Characteristics of children, caregivers, and orphanages for young children in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2005, no. 26, рр. 477–506.
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Rakhlin N., Hein S., Doyle N., Hart L., Koposov R., Macomber D., Ruchkin V., Strelina A., Tan M., Grigorenko E.L. Sources of Heterogeneity in Developmental Outcomes of Children With Past and Current Experiences of Institutionalization in Russia: A Four-Group Comparison. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 2017, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 242–255.
Boivin M., Bangirana P., Nakasujja N., Page C., Shohet C., Givon D., Klein P. A year-long caregiver training program improves cognition in preschool Ugandan children with human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Pediatrics, 2013, no. 5, рр. 1409–1416.
Bradley-Johnson S. Cognitive assessment for the youngest children: A critical review of tests. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2001, no. 19, рр. 19–44.
Caudle S., Katzenstein J., Oghalai J., Lin J., Caudle D. Nonverbal cognitive development in children with cochlear implants: relationship between the Mullen scales of early learning and later performance on the Leiter international performance scales-revised. Assessment, 2014, рр. 119–129.
Chapman J. Developmental outcomes in two groups of infants and toddlers: Prenatally cocine exposed and noncocaine exposed. Part 1. Infant-Toddler Intervention, 2000, no. 10, рр. 19–36.
Keim S., Daniels J., Dole N., Herring A., Siega-Riz A., Scheidt P. A prospective study of maternal anxiety, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms in relation to infant cognitive development. Early Human Development, 2011, no. 5, рр. 373–380.
Mitchell C., Croy C., Spicer P., Frankel K., Emde R. Trajectories of cognitive development among American Indian young children. Developmental Pshychology, 2011, no. 47 (4), рр. 991–999.
Black D.O., Wallace G.L., Sokoloff J.L., Kenworthy L. Brief report: IQ split predicts social symptoms and communication abilities in high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009, no. 39 (11), рр. 1613–1619.
Conti-Ramsden G., Durkin K. Language development and assessment in the preschool period. Neuropsychology Review, 2012, no. 22 (4), рр. 384–401.
Frick P.J., Barry C.T., Kamphaus R.W. Clinical assessment of child and adolescent personality and behavior. Boston, Springer Publ., 2010, р. 512.
Green S.A., Berkovits L.D., Baker B.L. Symptoms and Development of Anxiety in Children With or Without Intellectual Disability. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 2015, vol. 44, no. 1, рр. 137–144.
Rakhlin N., Kornilov S.A., Palejev D., Koposov R.A., Chang J.T., Grigorenko E.L. The language phenotype of a small geographically isolated Russian-speaking population: Implications for genetic and clinical studies of developmental language disorder. Applied Psycholinguistics, 2013, vol. 34, no. 5, рр. 971– 1003.
Briggs-Gowan M.J., Carter A. S., Clark R., Augustyn M., McCarthy K.J., Ford J.D. Exposure to potentially traumatic events in early childhood: differential links to emergent psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 2010, vol. 51, no. 10, рр. 1132–1140.
Gustafsson H.C., Coffman J.L., Harris L. S., Langley H.A., Ornstein P.A., Cox M.J. Intimate Partner Violence and Children’s Memory. Journal of Family Psychology, 2013, vol. 27, no. 6, рр. 937–944.
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Опубликован
18.01.2018
Как цитировать
Колесникова, М. А., Солодунова, М. Ю., Жукова, М. А., & Аникина, В. О. (2018). Особенности когнитивного развития детей в домах ребенка с различным социальным окружением. Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Психология, 7(4), 365–381. https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu16.2017.405
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Психология развития
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Статьи журнала «Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Психология» находятся в открытом доступе и распространяются в соответствии с условиями Лицензионного Договора с Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом, который бесплатно предоставляет авторам неограниченное распространение и самостоятельное архивирование.
